Noj 82B Spring Steel ua piv txwv
82B yog qhov siab - carbon caij nplooj ntoos hlav hlau uas muaj lub zog siab thiab tawv, tab sis nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev suav nrog, kev sib cais, qhov tsis xws luag, kev ntxhov siab, thiab ib puag ncig. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis ua haujlwm feem ntau tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho, tab sis yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev ua haujlwm.
1. Smelting Theem: Zoo ntawm Cov Hlau Ua Kua.
1.1 Tsis yog-metallic Inclusions
Teeb meem:Tsis yog-cov khoom siv hlau xws li Al₂O₃ thiab silicates tsim thaum lub sij hawm deoxidation ntawm cov hlau molten tsis ntab li txaus thiab nyob twj ywm hauv cov hlau.
Mechanism:Tsis yog-cov khoom siv hlau tsis muaj zog muaj zog sib txuas nrog cov hlau matrix. Thaum lub sij hawm dov thiab txias txias, lawv yuav elongated los yog crushed, tsim nyob rau hauv lub zos discontinuous cheeb tsam. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab concentration yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov inclusions, thiab microcracks nquag pib los ntawm qhov ntawd.
Qhov tshwm sim:
- Hlau tawg thaum lub sij hawm kev kos duab
- Txo lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav qaug zog lub neej
- Thaum ntxov tawg thaum siv
- Fracture nto tej zaum yuav qhia suav nrog crack pib qhov chaw
1.2 Kev Tswj Xyuas Tshuaj Tsis Zoo
1.2.1 Carbon Segregation
Teeb meem:82B muaj cov ntsiab lus siab carbon. Thaum lub sij hawm solidification txheej txheem ntawm nruam casting, cov ntsiab lus carbon yog nquag mus enrichment los yog depletion nyob rau hauv central cheeb tsam.
Mechanism:Kev cais cov pa roj carbon monoxide yuav ua rau tsis sib xws -sectional microstructure. Lub hardness ntawm high - carbon central cheeb tsam nce thiab lub toughness txo. Thaum lub sij hawm tom qab txias txias los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav coiling, lub hauv paus cheeb tsam yog qhov nyuaj rau deform synchronously nrog txheej txheej, uas yooj yim ua rau sab hauv tawg.
Qhov tshwm sim:
- Tsis sib xws hardness
- Center splitting
- khob-thiab- pob txha tawg
- Loj dispersion nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub neej
1.2.2 Cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo xws li P thiab S
Teeb meem:Tsis tiav dephosphorization thiab desulfurization ua rau cov ntsiab lus P thiab S siab.
Mechanism:P yooj yim cais ntawm cov ciam teb, ua rau cov qoob loo ciam teb tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau txias brittleness. S yooj yim tsim MnS suav nrog, uas txuas ntxiv raws qhov ntev ntawm kev taw qhia tom qab dov thiab kos duab, ua txoj hauv kev tawg.
Qhov tshwm sim:
- Txo cov khoom toughness
- Yooj yim rau brittle fracture nyob rau hauv qis kub los yog tej yam kev mob
- Txo qaug zog tsis kam
1.3 Cov ntsiab lus roj tsis zoo
1.3.1 Cov ntsiab lus siab Hydrogen
Teeb meem:Refining degassing tsis txaus, cov khoom siv raw uas muaj dej, lossis cov txheej txheem tswj tsis zoohydrogen nkag mus rau cov hlau.
Mechanism:Hydrogen atoms yuav sib sau ua ke ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, thaj tsam ntawm cov qoob loo, dislocations, thiab qhov chaw seem tensile kev ntxhov siab, txo cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau atoms, ua rau cov khoom ua rau tawg tawg ua ntej ncav cuag lub zog ib txwm muaj.
Qhov tshwm sim:
Hydrogen embrittlement
ncua kev puas tsuaj
Tsis pom tseeb yas deformation
Sudden puas thaum siv los yog cia
1.3.2 Cov ntsiab lus Oxygen siab
Teeb meem:Tsis txaus deoxidation, ua rau muaj cov ntsiab lus oxygen tag nrho.
Mechanism:Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen, ntau cov oxide suav nrog. Oxide inclusions feem ntau yog ib qho nyuaj thiab nkig, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev sib koom ua ke deformation thaum lub sij hawm ua cov yas, yog li ua rau qaug zog tawg.
Qhov tshwm sim:
Txo plasticity
Txo toughness
Hlau tawg thaum kos duab
Txo qaug zog lub neej
